Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent condition that often leads to significant morbidity if left untreated. Endoscopy plays a critical role in diagnosing GERD, helping to identify complications like esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and strictures. This study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics and endoscopic findings of symptomatic GERD patients in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. 
Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology & Department of Pathology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from November 2010 to April 2012. A total of 126 patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease were enrolled purposively. Need-based endoscopy, biopsy, and histological examination were performed for the participants. Data were analyzed by using MS Office tools. 
Results: The study involved 126 participants (56.3% female, 43.7% male, mean age 33.52±10.55 years). Most patients were from rural areas (53.2%) and lower-middle-class families (75.4%). Forty-five percent used NSAIDs and 70% of participants who were female used oral contraceptives. The majority had a normal BMI (68.3%). Endoscopic findings showed 47.6% with suspected Barrett’s esophagus, with 75% having short-segment Barrett’s, 16.67% long-segment, and 8.33% ectopic mucosal islands. Of 126, 21 (16.7%) were histologically confirmed with Barrett’s esophagus: 71.4% short-segment, 14.3% long-segment, and 14.3% ectopic islands. 
Conclusion: Most participants were from rural, lower-middle-class families. Many used NSAIDs and oral contraceptives. Endoscopy showed a significant presence of suspected Barrett's esophagus in short segments. Early detection and regular screening for high-risk groups are recommended.